Multi-objective optimization of aircraft design for emission and cost reductions

Pollutant gases emitted from the civil jet are doing more and more harm to the environ- ment with the rapid development of the global commercial aviation transport. Low environmental impact has become a new requirement for aircraft design. In this paper, estimation method for emis- sion in aircraft conceptual design stage is improved based on the International Civil Aviation Orga- nization （ICAO） aircraft engine emissions databank and the polynomial curve fitting methods. The greenhouse gas emission （CO2 equivalent） per seat per kilometer is proposed to measure the emis- sions. An approximate sensitive analysis and a multi-objective optimization of aircraft design for tradeoff between greenhouse effect and direct operating cost （DOC） are performed with five geom- etry variables of wing configuration and two flight operational parameters. The results indicate that reducing the cruise altitude and Mach number may result in a decrease of the greenhouse effect but an increase of DOC. And the two flight operational parameters have more effects on the emissions than the wing configuration. The Pareto-optimal front shows that a decrease of 29.8% in DOC is attained at the expense of an increase of 10.8% in greenhouse gases.     

Investigations into sensing characteristics of circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors for gas path monitoring

Circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors are promising in gas path monitoring due to their advantages of non-intrusiveness and easy installation. The spatial sensitivity and filtering effect are two important performance parameters. In this paper, an analytically mathematical model of induced charge on a circular thin-plate electrode is first derived. Then the spatial sensitivity and filtering effect of the circular electrostatic sensor are investigated by numerical calculations. Finally,experimental studies are performed to testify the theoretical results. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors act as a low-pass filter in the spatial frequency domain, and both the spatial filtering effect and the temporal frequency response characteristics depend strongly on the spatial position and velocity of the charged particle. These conclusions can provide guidelines for the optimal design of circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors.     

基于面板数据模型的中西部地区加工贸易升级研究

我国经济高速发展,劳动力、土地等要素随之发生转变,加工贸易从东部地区向中西部地区转移,中西部地区加工贸易急需升级以适应发展。利用2001-2011年中西部地区部分省份的面板数据建立计量模型,通过检验对混合估计模型、固定效应模型和随机效应模型进行选择,并对选定模型的估计结果进行具体分析,提出中西部地区加工贸易升级的对策及建议。     

粘贴压电层功能梯度材料Euler梁热屈曲前自由振动的半解析数值法

研究上下表面粘贴压电层的功能梯度材料Euler梁在升温及电场作用下的振动行为。在精确考虑轴线伸长基础上,建立压电功能梯度Euler层合梁在热-电-机械载荷作用下的几何非线性动力学控制方程。其中,假设功能梯度的材料性质沿厚度方向按照幂函数连续变化,压电层为各向同性均匀材料。把问题线性化,利用打靶法,获得在均匀电场和横向非均匀升温场内两端固定和两端简支Euler梁在热屈曲前自由振动特性的半解析数值解。由于材料在横向的非均匀性,即使在均匀升温和均匀电场作用下,梁内仍然会产生拉-弯耦合效应,对梁的自振频率也有一定的影响。     

环氧树脂基形状记忆复合材料的制备与性能

以自制的形状记忆环氧树脂为基体,CCF300级碳纤维U-3160织物为增强材料,采用真空袋成型工艺制备形状记忆复合材料,分析碳纤维含量对复合材料的形状记忆性能的影响。结果表明,当碳纤维含量为0%~50%时,随着增强体碳纤维含量的增加,复合材料的形状固定率由98%降至91%,形状回复率也由98%降至91%。在有限次的循环实验中,循环次数对形状固定率和形状回复率没有明显的影响。     

舰面效应对直升机操纵的影响

舰面效应对直升机的配平操纵和姿态角有很大的影响。基于三维面元法建立了直升机舰面效应模型,可有效用于分析部分地效和倾斜甲板。最后以某型机舰配合为例,分析了舰面效应对直升机配平操纵和姿态角的影响。     

由混合特征对构造对称三对角矩阵

文章考虑一类由混合特征对构造对称三对角矩阵,文中给出了解的存在性和唯一性的充分必要条件,并且给出相应的算法和数值算例。     

求解广义特征值反问题的数值方法

讨论一类广义特征值反问题的数值解法,这类问题包括加法、乘法和经典特征值反问题作为其特殊情况。基于行列式和最小奇异值的计算,文中给出了求解这类问题的两个二次收敛的数值方法,描述了在出现重特征值的情况下如何改进其中的一个方法以保持二次收敛性,并且给出了两个数值例子以解释收敛性结果     

航天器地面模拟设备发展综述

本文回顾了高超音速地面模拟设备发展过程，这里既包括模拟理论方面的问题，也包括设备设计与建造方面的问题。目前，各国都在积极改进现有地面模拟设备或设计新型设备，以推进航天技术的发展。     

先进的短距起飞垂直降落(ASTOVL)升力风扇飞机的动态逆控制

研究了推力矢量喷管、升力风扇以及气动舵面共同作用下 ASTOVL升力风扇飞机的飞控问题 ,采用非线性动态逆理论进行控制系统的设计。针对 ASTOVL升力风扇飞机的俯仰控制设计了动态逆控制律 ,并将所设计的控制律进行了仿真。结果表明 ,该方法能够满足控制系统性能的要求 ,具有工程应用前景。